Archive for the ‘genetic modification’ Category

Biotechnology Revolution will Exceed Internet Revolution in its Impact Wednesday, March 31st, 2010

According to experts, biotechnology will change the shape of things more extensively than what the Internet have done. Biotech companies are already driving economic growth and innovation.

A book titled “The Coming Biotech Age” by Richard Oliver, author of “The Shape of Things to Come” provides an accessible overview of biotechnology business, its implications for all industries and the vast opportunities, according to a review.

The completion of the Human Genome project will increasingly lay bare the genetic basis of various diseases and and physical problems. Biotechnology works with genes and is proving itself capable of finding cures for the diseases and problems, at a more fundamental level than earlier symptoms based treatment.

And working at gene levels can also change the charateristics of organisms, such as crops and animals. Crops that are more pest resistant and higher yielding have already appeared in the market. So have opposition to them on the grounds of suspected health impact. As things develop, their shape can indeed take a very different form.

According to Amazon.com review, the book goes far into the possibilities of altering and creating new “bioterials” and even inoorganic new materials.

The Coming Biotech Age

Leukemia Vaccine to Kill Remaining Cancer Cells Tuesday, March 23rd, 2010

Leukemia patients taking the drug Gleevec (imatinib mesylate) still had cancer cells present after one year. Human clinical studies of GVAX Leukemia vaccine developed by BioSante Pharmaceuticals, Inc. showed that it was possible to reduce or eliminate the last remaining cancer cells in some chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) patients taking Gleevec.

Johns Hopkins Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center investigators used a vaccine made from CML cells. The cancerous potential of the CML cells was halted by irradiating them. The cells were also genetically altered to produce an immune system stimulator called GM-CSF.

The treated cells also carried antigen molecules specific to CML cells that prime the immune system to recognize and kill circulating CML cells.

Cancer vaccines may be a good way to mop up the residual disease according to Dr Levitsky, Professor of oncology, medicine and urology at the Johns Hopkins Kimmel Cancer Center, in Baltimore, Maryland.

Read the news at BioMed Reports.

Biotechnology in Textile Industry Saturday, March 6th, 2010

Cotton, the leading textile fiber, is cultivated in about 85 countries in the world. The plant is susceptible to pest and weed attacks. Biotechnologists have been trying to develop pest, disease and herbicide resistant varieties of cotton using genetic engineering.

Failures occur in the process. Recent reports from Gujarat suggest that GM Cotton designed to resist attacks from a pink bollworm pest has begun to fail as the pests have begun to develop resistance. Monsanto is now advising farmers to go in for a second generation seed.

Another focus of biotechnology for cotton is to develop naturally colored fibers so that bleaching and dyeing can be eliminated for making colored cotton textiles.

Coming to animal fibers, Australian biotechnologists are trying to genetically modify sheep so that the animals can secrete an insect repellent from their hair follicles to repel blowflies. Presently, blowfly larvae is a serious problem that affects wool production.

A biopolymer developed by Zeneca Bioproducts, Biopol, can be melted and spun into biocompatible and biodegradable fibers for surgical use. Surgical sutures using these fibers will be degraded by the action of human body enzymes thus eliminating the need to remove these manually.

Biotech Wheat: A US Experience Thursday, February 11th, 2010

The story of genetic modification of wheat illustrates a typical scenario for GM crops.

A genetically altered wheat variety was announced in May 1992 by scientists at Monsanto and the University of Florida. Monsanto provided a foreign gene and scientists used a gene-gun to inject it into wheat cells. The gene produced an enzyme that would make the wheat resistant to herbicides such as Roundup.

However, consumer attitudes towards transgenic crops were not promising. The attitude was that research into the long-term safety of GM food crops was inadequate. Wheat exports were affected as consumers resisted the new variety.

As the supply chain for wheat was not clearly segregated to prevent intermingling of biotech and non-biotech wheat, Japan even went to the extent of saying that it would not accept wheat from any nation that grew biotech wheat.

In the US, the Center for Food Safety and the Family Farm Coalition filed a petition to suspend the development of biotech wheat.

In May 2004, Monsanto shelved its genetically engineered Roundup Ready spring wheat.

In November 2008, however, US wheat industry released a “Biotechnology Principles for Commercialization”. The principles seek to improve communication among biotech trait providers, growers and wheat users. Technology providers will get regulatory approvals in the US.

The principles also address market considerations to prevent disruption in exports. Educating consumers in countries such as Japan and European Union receives high priority. Customers will be kept aware of developments so that there will be no surprises in the market.

Read the full story at:  Biotech Wheat